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音頻科普：以冰製冰的防凍劑
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推廣
音頻科普：以冰製冰的防凍劑
Patterning a surface with tiny stripes of ice prevents frost formation on the rest of the surface—a technique that could keep planes or roads frost-free.在物體表麵上紋上結的細小冰條能避免物體的其餘位置繼續結冰——這是避免飛機或路麵結冰的技術手段。
撰文\播音：克裏斯托弗·因塔利亞塔（Christopher Intagliata）
翻譯：陳美娟
Every year, 20 million tons of salt are dumped on roads and highways across the U.S. to eliminate ice. And airlines spray up to 1,000 gallons of antifreeze on any one plane to de-ice it. But now scientists have come up with what might be a more environmentally friendly alternative.
在美國，每年有2000萬噸的鹽被撒在路麵和高速路上用來融冰。航空公司在飛機上噴灑多達1000加侖的抗凝劑來除冰。但如今科學家已經想到了一個可以代替這種方式的環保手段了。
"We've often heard the expression, 'It's time to fight fire with fire.' Well I think now it's time to fight ice with ice." Jonathan Boreyko studies fluid mechanics at Virginia Tech.
“我們經常聽到這樣的說法，‘是時候以毒攻毒了’。然而我想說的是，現在是時候以冰製冰了。”在弗吉尼亞科技大學研究流體力學的喬納森·柏瑞科（Jonathan Boreyko）說。
And what he means by that is: if ice growth is inevitable, why not design certain areas of plane wings or roads or HVAC systems specifically to attract ice…to control the chaos, and keep ice-forming moisture away from the rest of the surface? Use ice itself…as antifreeze?
他的意思是：如果結冰無法避免，為什麽不在機翼，路麵，或是暖通空調係統上設計出的一塊專門誘使冰形成的區域呢？以此來控製這種無序狀況，並且讓形成冰必需的水分遠離這塊區域呢？要是把冰當作抗凝劑會怎麽樣？
To test the idea, he and his team used lasers to cut tiny grooves into aluminum surfaces. Those grooves, once filled with water and frozen, turned into tiny stripes of ice, which indeed kept the rest of the surface 80 to 90 percent frost-free, even in incredibly humid cold air.
為了檢測這個想法的可行性，他與團隊成員用激光將鋁表麵刻出諸多小凹槽。一旦那些凹槽裏填滿了水並加以冰凍，就會形成細小條的冰，讓鋁麵80%到90%的剩餘部分保持無冰狀態，即使使用潮濕冷空氣也能得到這樣的結果。
"What's happening is the ice striped areas are just so attractive to the moisture, that it kind of tractor beams all the moisture that's going to the surface towards the striped regions preferentially, such that the intermediate areas, if you design it right, just stay completely dry."
“這個現象是，冰條覆蓋的區域吸引水分的能力很強，以至於能夠優先將鋁麵上方經過的水分牽引到冰紋區，如果設計得當的話，中間無冰區能夠保持完全幹燥。”
The results—and some cool time-lapse videos—are in the journal ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces. [S. Farzad Ahmadi et al., ]
這項研究結果以及一些延時視頻發表在《美國化學學會應用材料與界麵》雜誌上。
Boreyko and his team have already patented the tech. If it proves viable after more R&D, it might make our wintertime fight against frost a lot more environmentally friendly.
柏瑞科與他的團隊已經為這項技術申請了專利。如果經曆更多研發證實它的可行性的話，就能讓我們冬天的抗冰措施更加環保了。
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Patterning a surface with tiny stripes of ice prevents frost formation on the rest of the surface—a technique that could keep planes or roads frost-free.在物體表麵上紋上結的細小冰條能避免物體的其餘位置繼續結冰——這是避免飛機或路麵結冰的技術手段。
撰文\播音：克裏斯托弗·因塔利亞塔（Christopher Intagliata）
翻譯：陳美娟
Every year, 20 million tons of salt are dumped on roads and highways across the U.S. to eliminate ice. And airlines spray up to 1,000 gallons of antifreeze on any one plane to de-ice it. But now scientists have come up with what might be a more environmentally friendly alternative.
在美國，每年有2000萬噸的鹽被撒在路麵和高速路上用來融冰。航空公司在飛機上噴灑多達1000加侖的抗凝劑來除冰。但如今科學家已經想到了一個可以代替這種方式的環保手段了。
"We've often heard the expression, 'It's time to fight fire with fire.' Well I think now it's time to fight ice with ice." Jonathan Boreyko studies fluid mechanics at Virginia Tech.
“我們經常聽到這樣的說法，‘是時候以毒攻毒了’。然而我想說的是，現在是時候以冰製冰了。”在弗吉尼亞科技大學研究流體力學的喬納森·柏瑞科（Jonathan Boreyko）說。
And what he means by that is: if ice growth is inevitable, why not design certain areas of plane wings or roads or HVAC systems specifically to attract ice…to control the chaos, and keep ice-forming moisture away from the rest of the surface? Use ice itself…as antifreeze?
他的意思是：如果結冰無法避免，為什麽不在機翼，路麵，或是暖通空調係統上設計出的一塊專門誘使冰形成的區域呢？以此來控製這種無序狀況，並且讓形成冰必需的水分遠離這塊區域呢？要是把冰當作抗凝劑會怎麽樣？
To test the idea, he and his team used lasers to cut tiny grooves into aluminum surfaces. Those grooves, once filled with water and frozen, turned into tiny stripes of ice, which indeed kept the rest of the surface 80 to 90 percent frost-free, even in incredibly humid cold air.
為了檢測這個想法的可行性，他與團隊成員用激光將鋁表麵刻出諸多小凹槽。一旦那些凹槽裏填滿了水並加以冰凍，就會形成細小條的冰，讓鋁麵80%到90%的剩餘部分保持無冰狀態，即使使用潮濕冷空氣也能得到這樣的結果。
"What's happening is the ice striped areas are just so attractive to the moisture, that it kind of tractor beams all the moisture that's going to the surface towards the striped regions preferentially, such that the intermediate areas, if you design it right, just stay completely dry."
“這個現象是，冰條覆蓋的區域吸引水分的能力很強，以至於能夠優先將鋁麵上方經過的水分牽引到冰紋區，如果設計得當的話，中間無冰區能夠保持完全幹燥。”
The results—and some cool time-lapse videos—are in the journal ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces. [S. Farzad Ahmadi et al., ]
這項研究結果以及一些延時視頻發表在《美國化學學會應用材料與界麵》雜誌上。
Boreyko and his team have already patented the tech. If it proves viable after more R&D, it might make our wintertime fight against frost a lot more environmentally friendly.
柏瑞科與他的團隊已經為這項技術申請了專利。如果經曆更多研發證實它的可行性的話，就能讓我們冬天的抗冰措施更加環保了。
關注【深圳科普】微信公眾號，在對話框：
回複【最新活動】，了解近期科普活動
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